High School General Course Information & Descriptions

0.5 credit — Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

This semester-long high school course is designed to provide students with the knowledge of some of the vital legal concepts that affect commerce and trade, after first gaining some familiarity with how laws are created and interpreted. Students are then introduced to the types of businesses that can be created as well as the contractual and liability considerations that can impact a business. Laws that affect how a business is regulated are reviewed, particularly the impact of administrative rules and regulations on a business. Global commerce and international agreements, treaties, organizations, and courts are discussed to get a better sense of what it means to “go global” with a business. Dispute resolution strategies are also addressed.

0.5 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

Introducing high school students to the working world, this course provides the knowledge and insight necessary to compete in today’s challenging job market. This relevant and timely course helps students investigate careers as they apply to personal interests and abilities, develop skills and job search documents needed to enter the workforce, explore the rights of workers and traits of effective employees, and address the importance of professionalism and responsibility as careers change and evolve. This two-semester course includes lessons in which students create a self-assessment profile, a cover letter, and a résumé that can be used in their educational or career portfolio.

0.5 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

In this semester introductory course, students will learn the principles of business using real-world examples—learning what it takes to plan and launch a product or service in today’s fast-paced business environment. This course covers an introduction to economics, costs and profit, and different business types. Students are introduced to techniques for managing money, personally and as a business, and taxes and credit; the basics of financing a business; how a business relates to society both locally and globally; how to identify a business opportunity; and techniques for planning, executing, and marketing a business to respond to that opportunity.

0.5 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: Introduction to Business

In this semester introductory course, students will learn the principles of business using real-world examples—learning what it takes to plan and launch a product or service in today’s fast-paced business environment. This course covers an introduction to economics, costs and profit, and different business types. Students are introduced to techniques for managing money, personally and as a business, and taxes and credit; the basics of financing a business; how a business relates to society both locally and globally; how to identify a business opportunity; and techniques for planning, executing, and marketing a business to respond to that opportunity.

0.5 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

This course is a must for high school students looking to successfully manage their financial future. Students will discover new ways to maximize earnings potential, develop strategies for managing resources, explore skills for the acceptable use of credit, and gain insight into the different ways of investing money. Units of study include money management and budgeting, taxation, banking options, investment options, stock market simulation, retirement, credit, risk management, and consumer protection. Computer applications and simulations are an integral part of this hands-on course. This course fulfills the State of Ohio's Financial Literacy requirement.

0.5 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

Fundamentals of Digital Media is a semester-long course that presents high school students an overview of the different types of digital media and how they are used in the world today. This course examines the impact that digital media has on culture and lifestyle. The course reviews the basic concepts for creating effective digital media and introduces several different career paths related to digital media. Students learn about the tools used as well as best practices employed for creating digital media. In the course, students explore topics such as the use of social media, digital media in advertising, digital media on the World Wide Web, digital media in business, gaming and simulations, e-commerce, and digital music and movies. Students also review the ethics and laws that impact digital media use or creation.

1 elective credit— Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

This full-year course is designed for students in grades 9–10, although any students across grades 9–12 may enroll. This course introduces students to the foundational concepts of computer science and challenges them to explore how computing and technology can affect the world. Students have creative, hands-on learning opportunities to create computer programs, develop web pages, design mobile apps, write algorithms, and collaborate with peers while building strong foundational knowledge. This course provides a solid foundation for more advanced study as well as practical skills that students can use immediately.

0.5 elective credit— Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

Introduction to Coding covers a basic introduction to the principles of programming, including algorithms and logic. Students engage in hands-on programming tasks in the Python programming language as they write and test their own code using the approaches real programmers use in the field. Students will program with variables, functions and arguments, and lists and loops, providing a solid foundation for more advanced study as well as practical skills they can use immediately. Students will use software programs that are common in an IT workplace, learn and apply introductory programming skills to solve specific problems, and write and test code.

1 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Novice, Level I Spanish

At the Beginning Intermediate Level, learners continue to develop proficiency in the three modes of communication. They communicate, create, and begin to problem - solve in the target language. Using a wide variety of materials, students deepen and broaden their treatment of personal and cultural topics. Interaction with increasingly sophisticated content requires learners to expand the range of their vocabulary as well as their knowledge of grammatical structures. At this level, learners improve their fluency and express themselves with more flexibility, detail and accuracy. Intermediate learners begin to think more critically about the world around them and develop greater insight into the practices, products, and perspectives of other cultures. As they continue to learn and refine strategies to facilitate and enhance their language acquisition, they become more independent learners.

1 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: None

The foundation for language study begins in the 6th grade at which point students can opt to enroll in Spanish. They can continue with the same language for up to 7 years over the course of their 6-12 experience.

At the Novice Level, emphasis is on learners becoming proficient in the three modes of communication at a basic level. Students are introduced to high-frequency vocabulary and grammatical structures and gradually build a foundation in understanding and communicating in the target language. Students begin to create with the language, communicate with other students about their personal interests and activities. Fundamental grammar concepts are introduced at this level to help students develop insight into the nature of language and to support effective communication. Students learn strategies to facilitate and enhance their language acquisition and help them become independent learners.

1 credit — Grade 9

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

This freshman-year English course engages students in literary analysis and inferential evaluation of great texts both classic and contemporary. While critically reading fiction, poetry, drama, and literary nonfiction, students will master comprehension and literary-analysis strategies. Interwoven in the lessons across two semesters are activities that encourage students to strengthen their oral language skills and produce clear, coherent writing. Students will read a range of classic texts including Homer’s The Odyssey, Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, and Richard Connell’s “The Most Dangerous Game.” They will also study short but complex texts, including influential speeches by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Ronald Reagan. Contemporary texts by Richard Preston, Julia Alvarez, and Maya Angelou round out the course.

1 credit — Grade 9

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: None

This freshman honors English course invites students to explore a variety of diverse and complex texts organized into thematic units. Students will engage in literary analysis and inferential evaluation of great texts, both classic and contemporary. While critically reading fiction, poetry, drama, and literary nonfiction, honors students will master comprehension, use evidence to conduct in-depth literary analysis, and examine and critique how authors develop ideas in a variety of genres. Interwoven throughout the lessons are activities that encourage students to strengthen their oral language skills, research and critically analyze sources of information, and produce clear, coherent writing. Honors students are given additional opportunities to create and to participate in project-based learning activities, including writing a Shakespearian sonnet and creating an original interpretation of a Shakespearian play. Honors students will read a range of classic texts, including Homer’s The Odyssey, Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, Jack London’s “To Build a Fire” and Richard Connell’s “The Most Dangerous Game.” Students will also read Sue Macy’s full length nonfiction work Wheels of Change: How Women Rode the Bicycle to Freedom (With a Few Flat Tires Along the Way), and will study a variety of short but complex texts, including influential speeches by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Ronald Reagan. Contemporary texts by Richard Preston, Julia Alvarez, and Maya Angelou round out the course.

1 credit — Grade 10

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: English Language Arts 9

Focused on application, this sophomore English course reinforces literary analysis and twenty-first century skills with superb pieces of literature and literary nonfiction, application e-resources, and educational interactives. Each thematic unit focuses on specific literary analysis skills and allows students to apply them to a range of genres and text structures. As these units meld modeling and application, they also expand on training in media literacy, twenty-first century career skills, and the essentials of grammar and vocabulary. Under the guidance of the writing software, students also compose descriptive, persuasive, expository, literary analysis, research, narrative, and compare-contrast essays.

1 credit — Grade 10

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: English Language Arts 9

This sophomore-year English course provides engaging and rigorous lessons with a focus on academic inquiry to strengthen knowledge of language arts. Honors reading lessons require analyzing complex texts, while concise mini-lessons advance writing and research skills to craft strong, compelling essays and projects. Students will write argumentative and analytical essays based on literary texts, as well as an informative research paper using MLA style. Throughout the course, students read a range of classic and contemporary literary texts including Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, George Orwell’s Animal Farm, and Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis. In addition to reading a wide range of literary texts, students read and analyze complex informational and argumentative texts including Sonia Sotomayor’s “A Latina Judge Voice” Niccolò Machiavelli’s The Prince, and the contemporary informational text Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science.

1 credit — Grade 11

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: English Language Arts 10

This junior-year English course invites students to delve into American literature from early American Indian voices through contemporary works. Students engage in literary analysis and inferential evaluation of great texts as the centerpieces of this course. While critically reading fiction, poetry, drama, and expository nonfiction, students master comprehension and literary analysis strategies. Interwoven in the lessons across two semesters are tasks that encourage students to strengthen their oral language skills and produce creative, coherent writing. Students read a range of short but complex texts, including works by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Emily Dickinson, Herman Melville, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Martin Luther King, Jr., F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sandra Cisneros, Amy Tan, and Dave Eggers.

1 credit — Grade 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: English Language Arts 11

This senior-level English course offers fascinating insight into British literary traditions spanning from Anglo-Saxon writing to the modern period. With interactive introductions and historical contexts, this full-year course connects philosophical, political, religious, ethical, and social influences of each time period to the works of many notable authors, including Chaucer, William Shakespeare, Queen Elizabeth I, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, and Virginia Woolf. Adding an extra dimension to the British literary experience, this course also exposes students to world literature, including works from India, Europe, China, and Spain.

0.5 credit (Pass/Fail) — Grade 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: Grade 12 Student

Due to the nature of Online Academy and the flexibility it affords to our students, seniors in the UAOA may engage in a self-designed, independent study exploration during the fourth quarter. These explorations may include ideas as diverse as career-related experiences, community service endeavors, opportunities to hone practical or survival skills, cultural explorations, or the pursuit of a creative endeavor. Students may elect to stay in the Columbus area or, with parental permission and support, travel to a more distant location (assuming all other graduation requirements have been met). The experiential nature of Odyssey allows a student time to explore their interests and learn in a non-classroom setting.

1 Credit — Grade 9

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

This full-year course focuses on five critical areas: relationships between quantities and reasoning with equations, linear and exponential relationships, descriptive statistics, expressions and equations, and quadratic functions and modeling. This course builds on the foundation set in middle grades by deepening students’ understanding of linear and exponential functions and developing fluency in writing and solving one-variable equations and inequalities. Students will interpret, analyze, compare, and contrast functions that are represented numerically, tabularly, graphically, and algebraically. Quantitative reasoning is a common thread throughout the course as students use algebra to represent quantities and the relationships among those quantities in a variety of ways. Standards of mathematical practice and process are embedded throughout the course, as students make sense of problem situations, solve novel problems, reason abstractly, and think critically.

1 Credit— Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: Algebra I

This course formalizes what students learned about geometry in the middle grades with a focus on reasoning and making mathematical arguments. Mathematical reasoning is introduced with a study of triangle congruence, including exposure to formal proofs and geometric constructions. Then students extend what they have learned to other essential triangle concepts, including similarity, right-triangle trigonometry, and the laws of sines and cosines. Moving on to other shapes, students justify and derive various formulas for circumference, area, and volume, as well as cross-sections of solids and rotations of two-dimensional objects. Students then make important connections between geometry and algebra, including special triangles, slopes of parallel and perpendicular lines, and parabolas in the coordinate plane, before delving into an in-depth investigation of the geometry of circles. The course closes with a study of set theory and probability, as students apply theoretical and experimental probability to make decisions informed by data analysis.

1 Credit— Grades 9, 10

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: Algebra I and teacher recommendation

Based on plane Euclidean geometry, this rigorous full-year course addresses the critical areas of: congruence, proof, and constructions; similarity and trigonometry; circles; three-dimensional figures; and probability of compound events. Transformations and deductive reasoning are common threads throughout the course. Students build on their conceptual understanding of rigid transformations established in middle school as they formally define each and then use them to prove theorems about lines, angles, and triangle congruence. Rigid transformations are also used to establish relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures. Students use their knowledge of proportional reasoning and dilations to develop a formal definition for similarity of figures. They apply their understanding of similarity to defining trigonometric ratios and radian measures. Algebraic connections are made as students use coordinate algebra to verify properties of figures in the coordinate plane and write equations of parabolas and circles. Throughout the course, students investigate properties of figures, make conjectures, and prove theorems. Students demonstrate their reasoning by completing proofs in a variety of formats. The Standards of mathematical practice are embedded throughout the course as students apply geometric concepts in modeling situations, make sense of problem situations, solve novel problems, reason abstractly, and think critically.

1 credit — Grades 9-12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: Geometry

This course focuses on functions, polynomials, periodic phenomena, and collecting and analyzing data. The course begins with a review of linear and quadratic functions to solidify a foundation for learning these new functions. Students make connections between verbal, numeric, algebraic, and graphical representations of functions and apply this knowledge as they create equations and inequalities that can be used to model and solve mathematical and real-world problems. As students refine and expand their algebraic skills, they will draw analogies among the operations and field properties of real numbers and those of complex numbers and algebraic expressions. Mathematical practices and habits of mind are embedded throughout the course, as students solve novel problems, reason abstractly, and think critically.

1 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Honors Geometry or Geometry and teacher recommendation

The course begins with a review of concepts that will assist students throughout the course, such as literal equations, problem solving, and word problems. Students then progress to a unit on functions where students compute operations of functions, compose of functions, and study inverses of functions. To build on their algebraic skills, students learn about complex numbers and apply them to quadratic functions via completing the square and quadratic formula methods. Next, students solve linear systems and apply their knowledge of the concept to three-by-three systems. An in-depth study on polynomial operations and functions allow students to build their knowledge of polynomials algebraically and graphically. In the second semester, students study nonlinear functions. Students solve and graph rational and radical functions whereas the exponential and logarithmic functions focus on the key features and transformations of the functions. Expected value and normal distribution concepts expand students’ knowledge of probability and statistics. Students also cover trigonometric functions and periodic phenomena.

1 credit — Grades 10-12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Algebra II

Designed to follow Algebra II, this rigorous full-year course builds upon students' understanding of various aspects of functions: graphing, composition, inverses, modeling, systems, and inequalities. Students expand their knowledge of trigonometric functions to include graphs of reciprocal functions, and they apply trigonometry to a variety of real-world problems. Students prove trigonometric identities and use them to solve equations. Throughout the course students make connections between geometry and algebra as they: use graphs to solve polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic inequalities; perform operations with complex numbers and vectors; use coordinate algebra to derive equations of ellipses and hyperbolas; and find limits of functions. The standards of mathematical practice are embedded throughout the course as students apply mathematical concepts in modeling situations, make sense of problem situations, solve novel problems, reason abstractly, and think critically.

1 credit — Grades 11,12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Algebra II

Broadening and extending the mathematical knowledge and skills acquired in Algebra I, the primary purpose of this course is to use mathematics as a tool to model real-world phenomena students may encounter daily, such as finance and exponential models. Engaging lessons cover financial topics, including growth, smart money, saving, and installment loan models. Providing timely and highly useful content, this two-semester course is a must-have for any high school student. Prior mathematical knowledge is expanded and new knowledge and techniques are developed through real-world application of useful mathematical concepts. Students will model real world situations using the various forms of linear and quadratic functions, graph trigonometric functions and identify their properties, use exponential functions to model and solve mathematical and real-world problems such as population growth and compound interest, understand the fundamentals of personal finance and financial planning, apply counting methods to calculate binomial probabilities, interpret and represent data in various formats and use it to model and make predictions, translate between the properties of geometric shapes in the plane to three-dimensional figures.

1 credit — Grades 11,12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Algebra II

This math course provides a comprehensive introduction to data analysis and statistics. Students begin by reviewing familiar data displays through a more sophisticated lens before diving into an in-depth study of the normal curve. They then study and apply simple linear regression and explore sampling and experimentation. Next, students review probability concepts and begin a study of random variables. Later topics also include sampling distributions, estimating and testing claims about proportions and means, and inferences and confidence intervals.

0.5 or 1 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

Introducing art within historical, social, geographical, political, and religious contexts for understanding art and architecture through the ages, Art History I offers high school students an in-depth overview of art throughout history, with lessons organized by chronological and historical order and world regions. Students enrolled in this course will cover topics including early Medieval and Romanesque art through modern art in Europe and the Americas. Throughout the course, you will meet the following goals: examine the effects of major historical events on culture and art, compare and contrast art from different world regions, identify major contributions artists have made to architecture, describe the different art movements throughout history, and analyze a variety of artworks.

0.5 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course  

Prerequisites: General Art History

Introducing art within historical, social, geographical, political, and religious contexts for understanding art and architecture through the ages, Art History I offers high school students an in-depth overview of art throughout history, with lessons organized by chronological and historical order and world regions. Students enrolled in this course will cover topics including early Medieval and Romanesque art through modern art in Europe and the Americas. Throughout the course, you will meet the following goals: examine the effects of major historical events on culture and art, compare and contrast art from different world regions, identify major contributions artists have made to architecture, describe the different art movements throughout history, and analyze a variety of artworks.

0.5 or 1 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

This course encourages students to gain an understanding and appreciation of art in their everyday lives. Presented in an engaging format, this full-year course provides an overview of many introductory themes: the definition of art, the cultural purpose of art, visual elements of art, terminology and principles of design, and two- and three-dimensional media and techniques. Tracing the history of art, high school students enrolled in the course also explore the following time periods and places: prehistoric art, art in ancient civilizations, and world art before 1400.

0.5 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12  

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: Introduction to General Art History

This course encourages students to gain an understanding and appreciation of art in their everyday lives. Presented in an engaging format, this full-year course provides an overview of many introductory themes: the definition of art, the cultural purpose of art, visual elements of art, terminology and principles of design, and two- and three-dimensional media and techniques. Tracing the history of art, high school students enrolled in the course also explore the following time periods and places: prehistoric art, art in ancient civilizations, and world art before 1400.

1 credit — Grade 9

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisite: Mathematics 8/Pre-Algebra

This full-year course focuses on basic concepts in chemistry and physics and encourages exploration of new discoveries in the field of physical science. The course includes an overview of scientific principles and procedures and has students examine the chemical building blocks of our physical world and the composition of matter. Additionally, students explore the properties that affect motion, forces, and energy on Earth. Building on these concepts, the course covers the properties of electricity and magnetism and the effects of these phenomena. As students refine and expand their understanding of physical science, they will apply their knowledge to complete interactive virtual labs that require them to ask questions and create hypotheses. Hands-on wet lab options are also available.

1 credit — Grade 9

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisite: Highly recommended that students have completed Algebra 1 or Mathematics 8/Algebra 1 hybrid course

Students enrolled in Honors Physical Science will explore themes related to matter, energy, and the universe. Physics topics covered include mechanics, kinematics, heat, energy, electricity, and waves. Chemistry topics covered include atomic structure, physical and chemical properties/changes, classification of matter, bonding, nomenclature, conservation of mass and matter, and nuclear properties/changes. Universe concepts include galaxy and star formation, stellar evolution, and the Big Bang Theory. Due to the emphasis on different math skills in the two levels of physical science, a math prerequisite applies to these classes. This course is intended for the student who is science-oriented and interested in an in-depth, mathematical treatment of physical science concepts. The course is activity-based and is taught using a laboratory approach that requires the interpretation and communication of information using data and analysis. Most labs are inquiry-based and/or require the student to problem-solve and think critically about their experimental design. There is also an emphasis on using mathematical relationships to illustrate and clarify the concepts taught. Students selecting this course should have strong mathematical skills related to graphing, solving algebraic equations, and identifying mathematical relationships.

1 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisite: Physical Science or Honors Physical Science

This compelling two-semester course engages students in the study of life and living organisms and examines biology and biochemistry in the real world. This is a yearlong course that encompasses traditional concepts in biology and encourages exploration of new discoveries in this field of science. The components include biochemistry, cell biology, cell processes, heredity and reproduction, the evolution of life, taxonomy, human body systems, and ecology. This course includes both hands-on wet labs and virtual lab options.

1 credit — Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisite: Physical Science or Honors Physical Science

This compelling full-year course engages students in a rigorous honors-level curriculum that emphasizes the study of life and its real-world applications. This course examines biological concepts in more depth than general biology and provides a solid foundation for collegiate- level coursework. Course components include biochemistry, cellular structures and functions, genetics and heredity, bioengineering, evolution, structures and functions of the human body, and ecology. Throughout the course, students participate in a variety of interactive and hands-on laboratory activities that enhance concept knowledge and develop scientific process skills, including scientific research and technical writing.

1 credit—Grades 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Biology

This full-year course acquaints students with topics in classical and modern physics. The course emphasizes conceptual understanding of basic physics principles, including Newtonian mechanics, energy, thermodynamics, waves, electricity, magnetism, and nuclear and modern physics. Throughout the course, students solve mathematical problems, reason abstractly, and learn to think critically about the physical world. The course also includes interactive virtual labs and hands-on lab options, in which students ask questions and create hypotheses.

1 credit — Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Completion of Algebra 1 & Physical Science

This rigorous, full-year course engages students in the study of the composition, properties, changes, and interactions of matter. The course covers the basic concepts of chemistry and includes eighteen virtual laboratory experiments that encourage higher-order thinking applications, with wet lab options if preferred. The components of this course include chemistry and its methods, the composition and properties of matter, changes and interactions of matter, factors affecting the interactions of matter, electrochemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry, nuclear chemistry, mathematical applications, and applications of chemistry in the real world.

1 credit — Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisite: Completion of Algebra 1 & Physical Science

This rigorous two-semester course provides students with an engaging honors-level curriculum that emphasizes mathematical problem solving and practical applications of chemistry. Topics are examined in greater detail than general chemistry in order to prepare students for college-level coursework. Course components include atomic theory and structure, chemical bonding, states and changes of matter, chemical and redox reactions, stoichiometry, the gas laws, solutions, acids and bases, and nuclear and organic chemistry. Throughout the course, students participate in a variety of interactive and hands-on laboratory activities that enhance concept knowledge and develop scientific process skills, including scientific research and technical writing.

1 credit — Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Geometry

This full-year course acquaints students with topics in classical and modern physics. The course emphasizes conceptual understanding of basic physics principles, including Newtonian mechanics, energy, thermodynamics, waves, electricity, magnetism, and nuclear and modern physics. Throughout the course, students solve mathematical problems, reason abstractly, and learn to think critically about the physical world. The course also includes interactive virtual labs and hands-on lab options, in which students ask questions and create hypotheses.

1 credit — Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: Geometry

This course provides an in-depth exploration of the Earth's materials and the processes that shape its composition, structure, and topography, covering topics like mineral identification, rock formation, plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, geologic time, water resources, glaciation, and the study of landforms, allowing students to develop a comprehensive understanding of the Earth's dynamic geological systems through interactive lessons, virtual labs, and assessments.

1 credit – Grade 9

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

U.S. History I is a yearlong course that dynamically explores the people, places, and events that shaped early United States history. This course stretches from the Era of Exploration through the Industrial Revolution, leading students through a careful examination of the defining moments that shaped the nation of today. Students begin by exploring the colonization of the New World and examining the foundations of colonial society. As they study the early history of the United States, students will learn critical-thinking skills by examining the constitutional foundations of U.S. government. Recurring themes such as territorial expansion, the rise of industrialization, and the significance of slavery will be examined in the context of how these issues contributed to the Civil War and Reconstruction.

1 credit — Grade 10

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

This year-long course provides students with a practical understanding of the principles and procedures of government. The course begins by establishing the origins and founding principles of American government. After a rigorous review of the Constitution and its amendments, students investigate the development and extension of civil rights and liberties. Lessons also introduce influential Supreme Court decisions to demonstrate the impact and importance of constitutional rights. The course builds on this foundation by guiding students through the function of government today and the role of citizens in the civic process and culminates in an examination of public policy and the roles of citizens and organizations in promoting policy changes. Throughout the course, students examine primary and secondary sources, including political cartoons, essays, and judicial opinions. Students also sharpen their writing skills in shorter tasks and assignments and practice outlining and drafting skills by writing full informative and argumentative essays.

1 credit — Grade 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

This 2 semester course examines the major events and turning points of world history from the Enlightenment to the present. Students investigate the foundational ideas that shaped the modern world in the Middle East, Africa, Europe, Asia, and the Americas, and then explore

the economic, political, and social revolutions that have transformed human history. This rigorous study of modern history examines recurring themes, such as social history, democratic government, and the relationship between history and the arts, allowing students to draw connections between the past and the present, across cultures, and among multiple perspectives. Students use a variety of primary and secondary sources, including legal documents, essays, historical writings, and political cartoons to evaluate the reliability of historical evidence and to draw conclusions about historical events. Students also sharpen their writing skills in shorter tasks and assignments, and practice outlining and drafting skills by writing full informative and argumentative essays.

0.5 credit — Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: None

Psychology will introduce students to the systematic study of the behavior and mental processes of human means and animals. Students are exposed to the psychological facts, principles, and phenomena associated with the major fields within psychology. Students also learn about the methods psychologists use in their science and practice. The major aim of this course is to provide each student with a learning experience equivalent to that obtained in most introductory college psychology courses.

0.5 credit — Grades 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Supported Online Course

Prerequisites: None

Providing insight into the human dynamics of our diverse society, this is an engaging, one-semester course that delves into the fundamental concepts of sociology. This interactive course, designed for high school students, covers cultural diversity and conformity, basic structures of society, individuals and socialization, stages of human development as they relate to sociology, deviance from social norms, social stratification, racial and ethnic interactions, gender roles, family structure, the economic and political aspects of sociology, the sociology of public institutions, and collective human behavior, both historically and in modern times.

0.5 credits or 1 credit - Grade 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

This course examines and analyzes various health topics. It places alcohol use, drug use, physical fitness, healthy relationships, disease prevention, and mental health in the context of the importance of creating a healthy lifestyle. Throughout the course, students examine the practices and plans they can implement in order to carry out a healthy lifestyle, and the consequences they can face if they do not follow safe health practices. In addition, students conduct in-depth studies in order to create mentally and emotionally healthy relationships with peers and family, and to devise healthy nutrition, sleeping, and physical fitness plans.

0.5 credit or 1 credit — Grade 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Specific Graduation Requirements Course

Prerequisites: None

Exploring a combination of health and fitness concepts, Foundations of Personal Wellness is a comprehensive and cohesive course that explores all aspects of wellness. Offered as a one-semester or two-semester course designed for high school students, this course uses pedagogical planning to ensure that students explore fitness and physical health and encourages students to learn about the nature of social interactions and how to plan a healthy lifestyle.

0.5 credit  — Grade 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course 

Prerequisites: Foundations of Personal Wellness

Exploring a combination of health and fitness concepts, Foundations of Personal Wellness is a comprehensive and cohesive course that explores all aspects of wellness. Offered as a one-semester or two-semester course designed for high school students, this course uses pedagogical planning to ensure that students explore fitness and physical health and encourages students to learn about the nature of social interactions and how to plan a healthy lifestyle.

0.5 credit — Grade 9, 10, 11, 12

Mode of Delivery: Teacher Monitored Online Course

Prerequisites: None

Therapeutics: The Art of Restoring and Maintaining Wellness is a semester-long high school course that focuses on careers that help restore and maintain mobility and physical and mental health, such as physical therapists, physical therapy assistants, occupational therapists, athletic trainers, massage therapists, dietitians and dietetic technicians, art therapists, neurotherapists, vocational rehabilitation counselors, and registered dental hygienists. Each career is explored in depth, examining typical job duties, educational and licensure requirements, working conditions, average salary, and job outlook. Key concepts and specific skill sets are introduced in the lessons, allowing students to apply what they have learned to health careers.